Multiple Forms Of Stroke Ischemic Strokes, Hemorrhagic...

A stroke happens when the blood supply to the brain is either interrupted, blocked or a blood vessel in the brain ruptures. These blockages are often caused by blood clots, which can form in the arteries connecting to the brain. When this happens, there is an insufficient amount of oxygen and nutrients going to the brain, and this causes the brain cells to die. It also is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States (U.S) today. There are three forms of stroke: ischemic strokes, hemorrhagic strokes, and transient ischemic attacks. These are also called mini-strokes. In doing a nursing assessment, the first step is to assess. In this situation, the nurse should ask the patient, Mr. L if he is experiencing any pain, making sure to†¦show more content†¦As well as fast acting drugs to prevent further complications from a stroke or heart attack like nitroglycerin. Blood pressure medications would be a diuretic, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin II receptor blockers, calcium channel blocker, alpha-adrenergic blocker, a central acting alpha two agonists or a beta-adrenergic blocker. Emergency drugs should be taken when a stroke or heart attack occurs. Organic nitrates that prevent or reduce coronary artery spasm, which increases oxygen supply immediately would be used in an emergency case. You should also be aware of whether the patient is allergic to any of these medications. After giving the patient a nursing diagnosis, the next step would be to make a plan of care for them. In planning, the nurse will set three short term goals for the patient to complete towards their healing process. In this case, three short term goals would be; first the patient will demonstrate understanding of underlying disease process and identify own risk factors that require modification within two days of nursing interventions. The nurse is aware that an intervention would be to encourage verbalization of patient and family concerns as well as their learning needs. After six hours of nursing interventions, the client will have no elevation of blood pressure above normal limits and will maintain blood pressure within acceptable limits. Monitor BP every 1-2 hours or every five minutes during active titration of

Determinism An Unfortunate Part Of Criminology s History

Determinism: An Unfortunate Part of Criminology’s History Throughout history various schools of thought have been created; all attempting to explain why people commit crimes, how to identify criminals, and how we should react to these criminals. These early theories were predominantly deterministic, meaning they all believed there was some trait that can differentiate criminals and non-criminals. Determinism is an important part of the history of criminology and has had a large impact on modern criminology; but these theories are inherently problematic and have some very unfortunate implications. Determinism was extremely popular in history which, ignoring the problems for the moment, makes a lot of sense. People like easy†¦show more content†¦The theorists behind them all trying to find evidence that seemed more focused on supporting their own biases, rather than focusing on actual science. These theories were mostly inspired by racism, sexism, and ableism. Granted, this could be attributed to these theories being a product o f their time. But, these theories have influenced our criminal justice system which still has some apparent biases. Biological determinism is arguably the most problematic of these theories. It focuses mostly on physical traits that can be used to identify criminals. One of the biggest theorists behind this idea is that of Cesare Lombroso, who founded the Italian School which is according to Adler, Mueller, and Laufer, â€Å"... a new orientation, the Italian, or positivist, school of criminology, which seeks explanations for criminal behavior through scientific experimentation and research.† (68). Lombroso believed completely in what he called atavistic stigmata which are â€Å"...physical features of creatures at an earlier stage of development, before they became fully human,† (Adler. Mueller, and Laufer 68). He believe that these characteristics were identifiers for criminals, following the logic that the more of these traits a person had the unevolved they were an d therefore they were more savage and would commit criminal acts. Focusing on the good first, Lombroso’s finding have helped advance criminology in

Potato Chips Manufacturing Unit in Pakistan free essay sample

So we would like to produce salted chips that would cover 50% of our production. The rest of the production would have other flavors like chili, tomato ketchup etc. Packaging Packaging is important as company must know that how much quantity should be sellable in one packet. Packet Size| Production Mix| Market Selling Price(Rs. )| 15 grams| 65%| 10| 25 grams| 35%| 25| Plant Capacity Plant capacity refers to the number of units that can be manufactured during a given period. It is also called production capacity.Potato chips manufacturing plant has a capacity of 150 kg per hour. As initial year it would be hard to assume that plant is able to work at its full capacity so we consider that initially plant will operate only 50% of its capacity. At least six years are required by the plant to work at maximum capacity that is 90%. Location and Sites Location is very important as it reduces your cost and adds your profitability. We will write a custom essay sample on Potato Chips Manufacturing Unit in Pakistan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Location should be decided on the factors like raw materials, labor availability, as well as government policy. The proposed location for the project is Karachi. However other areas are Lahore or Islamabad but we would like to set our industry in Lahore due to following reasons: Raw Materials: Raw materials are easily available. Infrastructure: adequate supply of utilities is important for project. Moreover transportation cost would also be lower if we choose Karachi. Low labor wage rate: wage rate is low as compared to other areas. These two conditions satisfied our location that’s why we have chosen Lahore for setting our industry. Moreover other factors that are involved are labor that is available at cheaper rate at Lahore. Machineries and EquipmentIn order to setup the machines we require different types of machines like: 1. Washing Shelling Machine For washing of Fresh Potatoes 2. Peeling Machine For peeling of Potatoes 3. Slicing Machine For slicing Potatoes into Chips 4. Chips Washing Machine For washing and rinsing of Potato Chips in hot water for excessive starch removal before frying 5. Flavoring Machine For flavoring fried chips 6. Packing Machine For packing Finished Potato Chips in packets Production Process FLOW Peeling machine that removes covers of potatoes and potatoes get washed in washing machine.Then potatoes pass goes through slicing machine that break them into thin pieces of slices and then they again wash in chips manufacturing machines. The reason of giving another wash is for removing starch. Then it goes from frying process. Newly made Potato chips pass through drum filled with the desired powdered seasoning that provide flavor to them. In order to make chips cool, they go through chips cooling machine and from there they are shifted to the packing department. Procurement All the machines required for the project are imported from China. Working capital requirements:

This week, you are to reflect on what you believe Essays

This week, you are to reflect on what you believe are the personal traits of a forensic scientists and if you have the same traits. I believe the personal traits of a good forensic scientist would involve analytics, precision, communication, and knowledge of an expert. A good forensic scientist, would need to follow an approach on both the analytical and logical levels. Such a scientist would likely have to practice and demonstrate a high level of concentration and patience to be successful. Profound skills in the area of science would be helpful and development of observation techniques would need to be honed. This scientist would need to be able to focus so that he or she maintains a high level of accuracy and attention to details. The communication characteristic would come into play in that the forensic scientist should have the ability to express observations and findings. So, he/she ought to possess both spoken and written communication skills which are strong. Expertise in the particular area being studied at the time, in terms of subject, would go a long way in solidifying one's characteristics as a forensic scientist as well. I believe all of these qualities would make for a credible, professional forensic scientist. What might you have to overcome in your personal make up to meet those requirements as you consider a career in the forensic science field? Although a career in the forensic science field has not been considered up to this point, some traits are currently possessed. Patience, in terms of process, is something which has been developed through having to learn it as part of military training. Attention to detail is solid to a degree. Areas of improvement would definitely be expertise development, high level of accuracy, and strength in spoken and written communication skills - primarily written communication skills. These are the obstacles which would need to be overcome.

3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure

3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure 3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure 3 Examples of Problems with Parallel Structure By Mark Nichol In each of the following sentences, sentence construction obscures the complementary relationship between parallel phrases. Discussion following each example explains the problem, and revisions illustrate solutions. 1. Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and optimal user experience during and post-implementation. The phrase â€Å"during and post-implementation† is treated as if it is an instance of suspensive hyphenation, but the sentence is incomplete with a noun after during: â€Å"Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during implementation and postimplementation.† However, the prefixed word postimplementation is correct but unwieldy, so simply withhold the repetition and replace the prefix with a free-standing conjunction: â€Å"Follow this step with user support and usage monitoring to ensure a smooth transition and an optimal user experience during and after implementation.† 2. There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good, if not better, than getting something done in a bipartisan way. If a parenthetical phrase has been interjected into a sentence, in its absence, the base sentence must be syntactically valid. Here, the result of a test deletion of â€Å"if not better† is â€Å"There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good than getting something done in a bipartisan way.† Obviously, something is wrong- a repetition of as is necessary, and than belongs in the parenthesis: â€Å"There seems to be an idea that blaming the other side for failure is as good as, if not better than, getting something done in a bipartisan way.† 3. This regulation helps guarantee the financial services industry upholds its obligation to protect consumers and ensure that its systems are sufficiently constructed to prevent cyberattacks to the fullest extent possible. The conjunction that is sometimes unnecessary (â€Å"Do you think it’s required in this sentence?†), but if it employed in a given phrase, it should be included in a complementary phrase in the same sentence, as here: â€Å"This regulation helps guarantee that the financial services industry upholds its obligation to protect consumers and ensure that its systems are sufficiently constructed to prevent cyberattacks to the fullest extent possible.† (Without that in place after guarantee, the reader is initially misled into thinking that the regulation guarantees the industry itself rather than something about the industry.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How Many Tenses in English?Try to vs. Try and20 Movies Based on Shakespeare Plays

The 8 Most Common SAT Writing Mistakes Students Make

The 8 Most Common SAT Writing Mistakes Students Make SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips I’ve worked with dozens of students as they studied for the SAT, and the writing section is often the most confusing for them.It tests a lot of grammar concepts youmay not havelearned in school or else haven’t studied in many years- even if you're an A student in English class, there are probably some rules tested on the SAT that you aren't familiar with. Happily, the test asks about the same few concepts over and over again, so there aren't that many topics you really need to know. Avoiding just a few of the most common mistakes students often make can really help your score. Let’s go through these common mistakes one at a time: Trying to listen for errors Not looking at all of the choices Misusing gerunds Allowing unclear antecedents for pronouns Fixing the original error but creating another Mixing upidioms Missing dangling modifiers Comparing non-equivalent nouns Feature image: Terrance Heath/Flickr #1: Trying to "Listen" for the Error The single biggest mistake students make on SAT Writing is assuming they'll be able to catch errors by ear. However, SAT English is very different than day-to-day spoken English: SAT Writing questions routinely contain phrases that sound finebut are actually wrong or sound weird but are actually correct. Avoid falling into this trap by making sure you know the key grammar rules you'll be tested on and how to approach the questions systematically. Check out our post on the secret to SAT writing for more details. #2: Not Looking at All of the Answer Choices Many students forget tocheck every answer choice before picking one, and this oversight really hurts their scores. SAT Writing questions often include more than one answer that seem like they could be correct, but there will be something significantly off about all but one of them (or, in the case of Identifying Sentence Errors, only one will include a real error, even if some of the other choices seem weird). On SAT writing questions, make sure to always read the entire sentence, the question (for Improving Paragraphs), and all of the answer choices. Image: thisisbossi/Flickr #3: Misusing Gerunds Gerund (-ing verbs) errors are some of the most common on the SAT Writing, and most students don't understand how to use them correctly. Let's clear up some gerund-related misconceptions: Gerunds aren't actually verbs, they're nouns.Gerunds represent the action that the verb describes. Gerunds seem correct, but they often indicate an error. Watch out especially for "being," which is almost always wrong when it appears. Gerunds errors on SAT writing are much more common than you might think.A lot of SAT writingadvice treats gerund issues as relatively rare, but they are actually quite common, because gerundsare involved in so many different types of questions. Here are the three major types of SAT writing questionsthat involve gerunds: Wordiness. Gerund use in Improving Sentences questions often indicates overly wordy constructions. Consider whether there's a more straightforward way to phrase the sentence. Parallelism. A list of gerunds often indicates a parallelism error- check to make sure all the items in the list are the same form. Fragments. Sometimes you'll see a gerund used in place of a main verb, creating a fragment. You can findmore general info about gerunds in our guide to verb forms and tenses. #4: Allowing Unclear Antecedents for Pronouns Pronoun agreement issues are another extremely common error. The simpler ones are easy to spot: you'll probablynotice something's wrongif a sentence uses "him" to refer to "Mrs. Smith." Slightly more complicated, and much more common, are the questions thattest you on whether you can recognize if a pronoun should be plural or singular. For example, is "Every child must bring their own notebook" or "Every child must bring his or herown notebook" correct? It's the latter because "child" is singular and "their" is plural. The trickiest pronoun agreement questions, however, deal with absent or ambiguous antecedents. (Antecedentsare the nouns that pronouns take the place of.) These errors occur when it isn't clear what noun a pronoun is referring to. For example: Incorrect:Jose and his dadwere concerned about whether he could finish his project. Correct:Jose and his dadwere concerned about whether Josecould finish his project. The first sentence is incorrect because it's unclear who he is (it could be either Jose or his dad), and the second one fixes the errorby specifying that it's Jose'sproject. The key rule to remember for pronoun questions is that every pronoun- including words like which and that- must have a clear noun antecedent. If you're confused about these concepts,you shouldread this full breakdown of everything you need to know about pronouns for SAT writing. Image: Topher McCulloch/Flickr #5: Fixing the Original Error but Creating Another On Improving Sentences questions, you need to make sure that you don't inadvertently create a new issue when you solve the original error. Two key points: Make sure to read all of the choices and pick thebestanswer, not just whichever one seems acceptable. Avoid overly complicated or wordy answers- the rightanswer is generally the shortest grammatically correct option. For a more in depth discussion of how to systematically approach these questions, take a look at our guide toImproving Sentences questions. #6: Mixing UpIdioms Idiom questions are tricky because they're the one exception to rule number one: you usually have to judge them based on what sounds right. However, idiom questions only test specific types of constructions: matching verb and preposition pairs and choosing between gerunds and infinitives (to + verb). Let's look at an example of the first type: Incorrect:Isabella wants to go atDisneyland to ride the Space Mountain coaster. Correct:Isabella wants to go toDisneyland to ride the Space Mountain coaster. "Go to," not "go at," is the correct expression. Here's the sameexample sentence but witha gerund versus infinitive issue: Incorrect:Isabella wants goingtoDisneyland to ride the Space Mountain coaster. Correct:Isabella wants to go toDisneyland to ride the Space Mountain coaster. Keep in mind that questions about idiomatic expressions are limited to these two types of phrases. If you see a weird-seeming word or phrase that doesn't fall into either category, it's probably correct (unless, of course, you can find another specific problem with it). You can find more details on idioms, including a full list of common ones, here. Image: Andy/Flickr #7: Missing Faulty Modifiers Dangling modifiers are a relatively common topic on SAT Writing that can be very tricky to spot because they aren't obviously incorrect. This type of error occurs when a descriptive phrase at the beginning of a sentence isn't immediatelyfollowed by the noun it's modifying. For example: While tending to the garden, a snake appeared, startling Lola. This sentence mayseem fine, but it implies that the snake is tending the garden, which doesn't make much sense. Modifiers must always be next to the thing that they're modifying. Let's look at a corrected version of the sentence: While tending to the garden, Lola was startled by the appearance of a snake. Now the modifier "while tending to the garden" is appropriately placed next to Lola, the person it's describing. Most faulty modifier questions are structured like this example, but for further exploration of modifier errors, see our full poston the topic. #8: Comparing Non-Equivalent Nouns Illogical comparisons are challenging because like dangling modifiers they don't come up that much outside of SAT Writing. Luckily, these questions follow a single basic rule: you can only compare equivalent things. For example, you can compare a golden retriever and a pug, because they're both types of dogs, but not a golden retrieverand a pug's face, because one if a type of dog and the other is a dog's face. Let's look at a sentence: Boulder High's trackteam is much faster than Fairview High. What is the comparison between? "Boulder High's track team" and "Fairview High." That comparison doesn't actually make sense: the sentence is trying to say thatBoulder High's track team is faster thanFairviewHigh's track team, not faster thanFairview High. The correct version of the sentence specifies this fact: Boulder High's trackteam is much faster than Fairview High's. Now it's clear that we're comparing the two teams. Since you're likely to see at least one of these questions on the SAT, take a few minutes to read the complete explanation. What's Next? If you're worried about grammar rules, check out our guides to some of the other commonly tested topics like subject-verb agreement, pronoun case, and confusion of adjectives and adverbs. The Improving Paragraphs are a small but important part of SAT Writing. Make sure you know the best way to approach them. Do you often find yourself confused about the "No error" option? Learn how often it's correct and when you should pick it with our full analysis. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this Writing and grammar lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Whistleblowers Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Whistleblowers - Case Study Example y’s global business environment, white-collar crimes are extremely difficult to prosecute due to the underlying mechanisms available to suppress evidence. In this respect, whistleblowers come in handy. Rather than taking part in the actual misconduct, some individuals in the corporate setting will be enticed to report misconduct subject to the rewards availed. However, caution should be prioritized to avoid faked whistleblowing intended to collect the offered benefits. In general, high rewards will create an incentive for whistleblowers to expose business and corporate misconduct in the economy. Encouraging whistleblowing will undoubtedly have its negative consequences, but the benefits stand a better a chance to outweigh the negatives. To start with, promoting whistleblowing will force business players to adhere and comply with the relevant laws, rules, and regulations (Vandekerckhove 156). In the process, employer-employee relations will move towards enhanced trust and loyalty. In essence, whistleblowing will encourage both employers and employees to follow ethical codes of conduct. Speculating a culture of suspicion and distrust is only probable if misconduct is an underlying practice. Straight and ethical practices should not warrant fear or worry as far as whistleblowing is concerned. In this respect, whistleblowing will encourage trust, loyalty, and straightforwardness in the society. Amid this, the emergence of negatives cannot be ruled out. Whistleblowing could result in tense relations between employers and employees. In any setting where whistleblowing might occur , employees and employers should unite to do what is right, legal, and ethical. Even though the number of pursued whistleblowing cases is significantly low, the need to make penalties stricter is critical. To start with, increasing the penalty will act as deterrence for corporate misconduct (Richter and Frances 147). Persons intending to engage in any form of misconduct will have to come to

Sars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sars - Essay Example Apart from the prevalent of mode of transmission through droplet suspension, fecal-oral mode of transmission has been shown to occur and thereby contribute to spread of the disease. Fecal-oral transmission is possible since it has been demonstrated that the virus can survive in the stool for 4 days. Due to the nature of profuse watery diarrhoea in SARS patients, SARS virus may be present in faeces thereby propagating fecal-oral transmission and fecal-respiratory transmission. This has been mentioned as one of the characteristics of SARS that enabled the virus spread in an apartment complex in Hong Kong (Peiris et al., 2003). SARS is commonly transmitted via droplets and close personal contact, factors which enhances its faster spread once an incidence has been established (Seto et al., 2003). The stability of the coronavirus for days in the environment such as in the stool also raises the incidences or possibilities of fomite transmission as a significant mode of transmission of SARS . The ability of this coronavirus to cause diarrhoea also aids in the transmission of the disease. It should be noted that normal stool has low pH as compared to stool from patients suffering from diarrhoea as a result of SARS. The high pH (low acidity) ensures the virus is able to survive and contaminate faeces for up to four days. Therefore the ability of the SARS virus to be spread from different routes namely in faeces, respiratory secretions and even in urine renders the coronavirus more advanced in its ability to spread very fast. Severity of the disease is as a result of being able to affect the whole respiratory system from the nose to the lungs. This is followed by high fever exceeding 38Â °C with acute breathlessness, coughing and sneezing. Acute breathlessness is as a result of the accumulation of fluids in the alveoli. The SARS virus rapidly replicates in the alveoli which is now filled with fluid and is further compressed by adjacent swollen tissues causing hypoxia. Th e patient succumbs to death due to lung failure (Puri, 2003). Therefore, the severity of SARS can be attributed to the events occurring in the lungs and specifically the alveoli causing an incomplete shut down of the breathing process. The virulence of the SARS virus ensures it spreads faster principally through deadly sputum droplets which occur through close personal contact. Severity of the disease is also attributed to its relatively short incubation period which can be as short as 2 days to a maximum of 2 weeks. In this review, important characteristics of the virus are highlighted such as the mode of transmission and pathogenesis which influences the severity of the disease. The principal mode of transmission which is airborne droplets consisting of the deadly viruses causes the SARS virus to be a potent killer coupled to its relatively short incubation period. This is further aided by the modern ease of travel ensuring the disease is able to spread from its epicenter for exam ple the case of infection at Hong Kong airport in 2003 to different destination. The stability of the virus outside the human body is another feature of the virus that ensures its successful transmission to susceptible human host. It has been documented in several literature works that it can survive on fomites such as door knobs, phones and other objects for several days therefore ensuring that it spreads very fast. In addition, having been documented that it can survi

Why People Should Read Books Essay Example for Free

Why People Should Read Books Essay It is a disappointment that people read books less often in these days of widespread technological reliance. Books were the primary source of intellectual entertainment just a hundred years ago, but with the invention of radio, television, cinematography, and the Internet and computer games, it seems that reading books is no longer a popular leisure activity. However, I believe that books are an irreplaceable part of our lives, and the role that masterfully-written books play on the personal growth and development of a particular person throughout one’s life is a remarkable one. Books directly expand our consciousness of how we live and where we live, enrich our power to express ourselves, supply us with inspiration in a way that other mediums cannot compete with. Books expand our knowledge and conception of the world around us. One may argue that films and TV documentaries do that too, but I believe that books are a much better alternative, since they allow each reader to experience the same story using one’s own imagination. When a hundred people watch a film or a TV show, they see the same content – whatever the director and the producer wish to show. Books are different. The experience achieved through reading is richer and more personal, since the same description and the same word choice will result in as many different interpretations as there are readers. We are all unique, and books allow us to experience whatever is narrated in the light of our own personal values, through our ideas and our imagination. In addition, books enrich our vocabulary, introduce us to new notions and offer a wider choice of words to us. With every book we read, we become more intelligent. Even reading one seemingly more primitive pulp fiction book per month can enrich one’s personal vocabulary with dozens of new words, help us build more concise sentences on our own and express oneself better, make one’s speech more intelligent. Watching certain TV programs and documentary films can also widen one’s vocabulary, but hardly as effectively as books do, since reading operates with both more sophisticated visual and audio (if reading aloud) receptors. Moreover, our imagination reproduces mental pictures of what we are reading about, so a new word automatically links to a certain image and a particular feeling that it relates to. Therefore, reading books is a wonderful tool when it comes to learning and developing one’s vocabulary at any age. Books are a fantastic source of inspiration. Unlike fine art, architecture or travelling, books help us create our own mental illustration for what we read on paper. In a way, books make us all artists and creators of our own mental cartoons, movies or illustration collections. Every image we create ourselves is automatically allotted a certain emotion, whether a simple or a more complicated one. Every mental image that a written word projects is vibrant with feelings and emotions. This is what makes books powerful and memorable. Books are an endless source of inspiration and motivation to become a better person. I am certain that creating a system of symbols and eventually an alphabet, words, and books was the greatest series of inventions of humankind. The books I am talking about are classics, those that do not have an expiration date and will be priceless for any generation. They will continue sparking new ideas, inspiring new deeds and enriching the lives of every generation to come. I am positive that books will eventually regain their popularity with today’s youth, since unlike the popular kinds of entertainment in fashion today, books are those roots to which people will go back, in search of the motivation, inspiration and aspiration, to find the true meaning and value of life.

The Good Earth: Wang Lung - A Man Of Determination And Loyalty :: essays research papers

The Good Earth: Wang Lung - A Man of Determination and Loyalty Pearl S. Buck shows her readers the many faces of Wang Lung in her book, The Good Earth. Wang Lung is a rice farmer who gains all his wealth through the land. He struggles to move from poverty to a well respected wealthy man. Wang Lungs character portrays a man's unselfishness, determination, and loyalty towards his family and friends.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wang Lung's caring and generous nature towards his family and friends make him a well-liked person. During the drought Wang Lung feeds the family members first and leaves what little is left for himself. Though it is hard, Wang Lung manages to survive the drought. He feeds the family small portions of rice which are left over from the season. When the food runs out and the furniture and equipment are sold, Wang Lung decides to make a harsh decision. He decides to lock up and move south. There he hopes to find food and money for his family. After a 100 mile train ride, they end up in the south. Wang Lung is delighted to find rice for only a penny. While Wang Lung uses the ricksha to make money for rice, the family eats and begins to regain strength. When all is well, Wang Lung returns home to start his life all over.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Also during the drought Wang Lung spares food and money for his uncle, uncles's wife and their son. The uncle is a poor old gambler who would rather gamble his money away than to spend it on his family. During the drought he shows up in Wang Lung's fields begging for money. At first Wang Lung refuses to dish out money to his uncle. After a time of arguementing Wang Lung finally gives in. He states It is cutting my flesh out to give to him and for nothing except that we are of a blood.(46) Wang Lung is upset that he had to give money to his uncle. Wang Lung didn't have to give to his uncle, but by doing so he kept peace with his him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Wang Lung's persistence to succeed carries him to a higher level in life. With such an attitude he is determined to regain his wealth after the drought. On the way home from down south, Wang Lung used the gold he had taken from the man in the Great House to buy things for the land. He bought seeds to plant and a new beast to plow the fields. Wang Lung figures this will give him what he

Fahrenheit 451: the Future Isn’t Bright, It’s Burning

Fahrenheit 451: The Future Isn’t Bright, It’s Burning Censorship happens all around us, even if most don’t realize it. People always think of it as some far off concept, something that only happens in dictatorships or in Communism, such as in North Korea, but as Fahrenheit 451shows us, it is much closer to home than one might think. In it, people have become wonderfully ignorant to the world around them after the government bans books, and all other types of entertainment dissolve into flashes of sound and light, nothing more than a pit stop until the next bit of fun comes along.Guy Montag is a fireman whose job it is to burn books. He loves his job, the brightness and destruction and hunger of the fire that consumes the books. That is, until he meets a teenage girl named Clarisse who is strange to him, a girl who thinks for herself. She and Montag walk home and she talks of everything, her family, how she thinks, how the world is always going to fast, and then a t the end, she asks a question that makes Montag question his entire life: â€Å"She started up her walk. Then she seemed to remember something and came back to look at him with wonder and curiosity. Are you happy? † she said. † (Bradury, 10) After that, Montag’s eyes are suddenly opened far wider than ever before. He starts to see things in a different light, even his wife, Mildred. He starts to see how empty and ignorant she is, and wonders how she got that way and how he never noticed. He wonders how everyone got that way. He sees everyone is as empty as the woman he sleeps next to every night, how no one notices anything anymore except their ‘parlor walls’ and their Seashell radios. â€Å"How did we get so empty? .. Who takes it out of you? † (Bradbury, 44) he thinks after his wife cannot even remember how they met. That was when he realized he doesn’t really know his own wife. Montag thinks he loves his wife, he believes it with al l his heart, or at least he wants to. However, the more he watches her, the more he realizes she is a stranger to him, and he doesn’t know how you can love someone you’ve never truly met. He slowly figures out that his wife isn’t his at all, not really, not now that he can see.When he was blind and ignorant, he had indeed loved her, but now that he knew something of the world, she became a strange creature to him. Once Montag realizes this, he becomes slowly detached from Mildred, though he still cares for her in a strange way, and though he knows he doesn’t love her in the way he thought he did for so many years, he still wants to believe he does. He still wants to pretend. When he leaves her after burning Beatty and the city is bombed, he still cries for her. He loves her even as he feels nothing.In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury paints a picture of humanity and society that is far too painstakingly true. Most people are happier in their ignorance than they c ould ever be with knowledge, even as that ignorance slowly kills them. Slowly, people are caring less and less about books and and learning and more and more about the next big thing, zooming from one distraction to the next. Eventually, Bradbury’s book will become a reality for us all, and it too will burn in the piles. Works Cited Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. New York: Del Rey Books, 1991. Print.

Training Needs Assessment Paper

Training Needs Assessment for Chicago Transit Authority By Tammi Adams Table of Contents Executive Summary___________________________________________________ 3 Background of CTA___________________________________________________ 4 Needs Assessment Design, Implementation and Analysis_____________________5 Recommended Training Strategy and Design______________________________6 Cost/Benefit Analysis__________________________________________________ 8 Training Evaluation Plan_______________________________________________9 References___________________________________________________________10Executive Summary We here at CTA are committed to providing quality and safe service to our customers which is why we are committed in making sure that all qualified individuals are trained to the highest standard. This training needs assessment is focused on the bus operators of the CTA since they are the public face of the agency. Before any training can begin individuals have to go through series of test to see if a individual is qualified. Once a person is qualified and hired they will start a 4 week training class with qualified CTA instructors.This 4 week training class will consist of classroom work and on- the- road techniques. Once the training has ended the trainee will take a 100 question exam to see how much they have learned though out the training course. In order to the successfully pass the training course the trainee will have to pass at least 80% of the exam. If a trainee has failed to pass the exam they will be given a second chance, but if they fail again, potential employment at CTA will be terminated. After a trainee has successfully passed the training course they will be known as a professional bus operator and will start working on their own.Once the bus operator starts working an instructor will come out at random to observe them to see if all rules and procedures are being followed. CTA has decided that every 2 years all bus operators will have to ta ke a recertification class to refresh their skills and learn new ones. Background of CTA The CTA is the nation’s second largest public transportation system which covers the City of Chicago and 40 of its surrounding suburbs. The CTA is provided by their modes which are the bus and rail service while the bus service is the public face of the agency. On a average CTA provides over 1. 4 million rides which accounts for 80% of all taken in the six county Chicago metropolitan region. CTA operates 24 hours each day on an average weekday. It has approximately 1,800 buses which operates 140 routes. Buses provide about one million passenger trips a day and serve more than 12,000 posted bus stops. The Chicago Transit Authority's 1,190 train cars operates eight routes, its trains provide about 650,000 customer trips each day and serve 144 stations in Chicago. CTA’s mission is to deliver quality, affordable transit services that link, commuters, jobs, and communities.CTA has many values but the most important one is providing transit service with the highest standards of quality and safety for our customers. Another value is that they focus on getting the job done and will derive personal satisfaction from the service they provide. With this being said while providing quality service it is important that CTA has dedicated and skillfully trained employees. It is important for the employees to be aware of all procedures so they can provide service with high standards. The specific position at CTA I will be discussing is the position of Bus Operators.At CTA, bus operators are the face of the agency which is why it is important for them to ensure CTA’s goal of providing quality and safe service to its customers. Bus operators are the ones who operate bus transportation over a route adhering to a schedule in a safe efficient and polite manner to allow passengers to board travel and alight at scheduled stops. Needs Assessment Design, Implementation and Anal ysis At CTA safety is its number 1 priority, with this being said training definitely supports the company strategic direction.It is important that everyone who operates a bus knows how to operate it safely, know the rules of the road, what to do in case of an accident and knows all of CTA procedures. With the proper training CTA can reduce the number of accidents it has had throughout the years and offer its customers the best transit service. CTA has decided that all training will be done in-house and that all training be conducted by CTA certified Instructors. All instructors are former CTA bus operators who have been bus operators for over 10 years and have a clean driving record.The duties of a bus operator are navigating the bus through an assigned route, manages the collection of bus fares, provides customer service to its passengers, report conditions that could jeopardize the safety of the passenger or other members of the public and maintains contact with dispatch and repo rts current position and conditions affecting the operation of the route as required and assists in loading, securing, and unloading wheelchairs and passengers. Before anyone can start training with CTA there are a few qualifications they must have. They first must pass a personality test.The reason being is to determine what kind of person you are and how you would handle certain situations that may arise while you are operating your bus. Before training can begin all trainees must possess a high school diploma and have basic skills such as writing, communication and reading. Bus operators must be able to communicate with its passengers in a professional manner and along with being able to read road signs. Before trainees start training sessions they will have to possess a clean driving record and a valid class B Commercial Driver’s License with an unrestricted passenger endorsement.Recommended Training Strategy and Design The training will include classroom work, and on-the road training techniques to ensure that all employees will be prepared for being able to work on their own. The classroom session will consist of learning the operation of a public bus which will include familiarization with all safety features and its system. It will also include learning traffic rules, regulations and laws, learn the fare structure, and learn how to read schedules.Included will also be topics such as how to provide first aid assistance in the event of an accident; promoting transit rider-ship within the Municipality and how to maintain a working relationship that is professional with your coworkers, superiors and passengers. The on-the-road training techniques will consist of how to operate a bus in a safe, efficient and timely manner to comply with all regulatory requirements and all standards. Some of the techniques that will be learned is how to make a right and left turn, how to curb the bus and learning how to change lanes.Training will also include how to o perate and utilize standard safety equipment that is installed in transit passenger vehicles, including; safety harnesses, restraints and other equipment that is required by state and federal regulations. Once this has been established the trainee will team up with a bus line instructor to learn various routes and they will also see how it is to drive in service with passengers. During this time the bus line instructor will observe the trainee’s driving, collecting pay fares and also how they are dealing with passengers that aboard the bus.All training at CTA consists of 4 weeks, Mon thru Fri 8 hours a day: 2 weeks of classroom work, 1 week of on-the-road training and 1 week of driving with a bus operator to learn all of the routes. Once the trainee has completed these 4 weeks of training they will be required to take a 100 question test on everything that has been learned throughout the training course. In order to pass the training the trainee will be required to pass 80% o f the test. If a trainee does not pass at least 80% of the test they will have one- on-one training with an instructor for 1 week on topics that they are struggling with.After extensive training another test will be given and the trainee must pass this test or else they will not be hired for employment with CTA. Direct Cost| Cost/Benefit Analysis| In-house instructors (20 [email  protected] $480)| $9,600 | Materials ($40 *20 trainees)| $800 | | | | | Compensation for Trainees| | Trainees salaries| $32,000 | | | Total training cost| $42,400 | | | Cost per trainee| $2,120 | Training Evaluation Plan After the trainee has passed all tests and has started working on their own, an instructor will ride with the operator and observed them to see if all rules are being followed properly.Not only will instructors ride with new operators, they will further ride with all operators at random to see if they are following all rules and procedures of the company. CTA will also hire spotters who w ill go out and observe operators to see if procedures are being handled properly and if procedures are not followed the spotter will report the operator to CTA officials. Another thing that CTA does to ensure that training is followed effectively is that once a new bus operator has started they will be evaluated every month for a year to see if there have been any violations or accidents.In addition CTA will also provide on-going education services (recertification class) so that employees may continue to refresh existing qualifications and obtain new skills. This type of training will be given to all employees every two years. A retraining class will also be given to an operator if they have been involved in an accident by which it was their fault. This type of training will consist of what might have been done to avoid the accident along with going over necessary techniques.This training can range from 1 to 5 days depending on how serious the accident was. A test will also be give n following retraining to insure the operator has a thorough understanding of what they have learned and how they can avoid being involved in another accident. CTA must stay committed in making sure that all operators are following proper procedures throughout training evaluation to ensure they are committed to their goal which is provide necessary transit service with the highest standards of quality and safety for its customers.References Chicago Transit Authority. (2011, June 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved , from http://en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Chicago_Transit_Authority;oldid=434808174 Chicago Transit Authority. (2011,June 15). CTA Overview. Retrieved from http://www. transitchicago. com/about/overview. aspx Mass Transit. (2011,June 9) Managers Forum. Retrieved from http://www. masstransitmag. com/article/10220533/managers-forum

buy custom Business Communication essay

buy custom Business Communication essay Business communication is a form of language used in and by the companies (Stuart, Sarow and Stuart, 2007). It can also be described as the internal and external interactions of a given company. Business communication can also be referred to as corporate communication and its perceived in four perspectives. The first one is practitioner perspective, which deals with how to present communication skills in conducting effective meetings, giving presentations, etc. The second is linguistic perspective that focuses on the use of language in and between companies with an aim of understanding how language is put into use during interactions (Cornelissen, 2011). Management perspective is the third one and it deals with management of communication procedures as a way of establishing a pleasing reputation. The last perspective is named multi-disciplinary, which focuses on the relationship existing between various disciplines such as linguistics, sociology, psychology, anthropology and communic ation. Business communication can be formal or informal depending on the matter at hand. Formal communication entails board meetings and progression interviews while informal communication involves telephone calls and colleague meetings. The image of a business in the mind of stakeholders primarily depends on business communication (Cameron, 2000). How the business interacts with its employees, customers, supplies and the publics matters a lot as far as image is concerned. Communication is done in two ways (Pease Pease, 2004). A source must be present, message and medium of transmission, recipient as well as feedback. It is the duty of the sender to formulate a meaningful message that would be perceived in the right way by the recipient. The recipient on the other hand may decide to give a verbal feedback or choose to remain silent, which also has a perceived meaning. Silence is also a means of communication and this paper will try to demonstrate its role on business interactions. The Role of Silence Silence is a form of non-verbal communication where people in organizations pass messages without actually speaking (Koester, 2004). When two people stare at each other for one or two minutes without speaking a word, they are bound to derive messages from each other. Messages may be passed through a persons clothing, facial expressions, sitting position, etc. As much as people try to seize from communicating, a lot of information is being passed between them. However, silence can be perceived to portray a negative message or attribute. This can be well described as a barrier to communication, which is sometimes beneficial to workplace interactions. When one person starts a conversation with another person, he/she expects a response, but when the recipient remains silent it draws mixed reactions and attention to him/her. Silence is also perceived as a non-verbal behaviour that generates clues to the beliefs as well as activities of a particular cultural group. Silence comes in three types, i.e. interactive silence, psychological silence and socio-cultural silence (Nikolaou, Vakola Bourantas, 2011). Psychological silnce is used to help the recipient understand the message, e.g. during a class lecture. Interactive silence occurs when addressees engage in planned pauses during conversation, e.g. pausing to allow the speaker to continue. Socio-cultural silence is interpreted on the basis specific cultural codes, e.g. silence is acceptable in western churches. Silence can be applied in many communication occasions, e.g. a pause in talk, leaving a question unanswered, declining to greet someone, whispering, exercising avoidance and irrelevant talk among others. Silence plays a vital role as far as business interactions are concerned. One does not have to say something in order to communicate (Tuominen, 2007). However, silence leaves one party with an opportunity to perceive the intended meaning conveyed by the recipients silence. The first role of silence is that it puts pressure on the other party once it is applied. Silence in conversation is prohibited in the US society, but it is common in some cultures. This can cause misunderstanding especially when the people communicating are of cultural background. In some cultures, silence is used as a sign of respect, e.g. when a young person wants to communicate with a person of authority, he/she is expected to remain silent until acknowledge. Therapists as well as investigators use silence to put pressure on clients and suspects respectively. When silence is subjected to someone, it acts as a pressure and blurting something out comes automatically even if it wasnt intended. Business management uses this tool during interviewing sessions. An interviewer lets the silence hang in order to find out how the interviewee conducts him/herself. This shows that silence can be of importance once applied in the right situation. The second role of silence is that it can at times indicate hostility and disagreement (McDonald Crawford, 2012). In spite of the fact that indifference wont be portrayed directly, silence would automatically show that the person concerned has negative emotions. When people experience anger, embarrassment or fear, their thinking brain slows down. This makes people unable to speak, unable to find words and enraged. Some people get flooded with emotions especially the teenagers and opt for silence as opposed to talking it out and maintaining the conversation. When this happens, it saves a great deal as silence prevents chaos. In a business sitting, junior staffs who choose to remain silent when angered/offended never quarrel with the top management. They choose to remain silent to contain their fear or embarrassment and to avoid disagreements with their authorities. After remaining silent, the conversation ends since they seize to talk it out and the god thing is that nobody gets offe nded in the end. The third role of silence is where it indicates profoundness such as awe, respect or horror. During a lively conversation, people may hear something that may put them off and render them speechless because it goes beyond boundaries (Grandien Johansson, 2012). An example would be when people talk about a dreadful trauma they have gone through in their life. The response of oh and thats sccary doesnt seem to work and so people fall silent. During interactions in a business setting, people tend to share their life experiences openly and without fear. It is sometimes the duty of the affected person to talk it out in as a way of feeling relieved. However, the listening party becomes tongue-tied when the speakers goes beyond words. After remaining silent, the speaker will perceive that as an act of sympathy and therefore, the conversation will be cut shot, but their relationship status will remain healthy. The fourth role of silence is that it can indicate contemplation. Introverts present in an organization thinks prior to speaking (Tuleja ORourke, 2008). Extroverts on the other hand, discover their thinking and feelings once they talk it out. Introverts take their time to figure out the implication of a situation before they speak or let their voice out. If people in an organization were introverts, then chances of quarrelling and misunderstandings would be reduced to zero. Thinking prior to speaking gives room for emotional control and relief from agitated anger. This means that no one would be in a position to act under the influence of anger and heated emotions. However, some silence can be perceived as an intentional rudeness. Refusing to respond to a communicated message is a form of ignorance. For instance, in the US society extended silence is a sign of rudeness and can result to serious confrontations. To be on the safe side, it is wise to use silence only when it is necessa ry and for a definite time. The fifth role of silence is that it is used to give room for listening. In communication sessions, there must be a speaker and a listener at any given time. When one person is speaking, the other person should be listening and vice versa (Tuleja ORourke, 2008). When listening to someone, an open space is created for them to speak and let it out. Good and experienced people know how to listen and it can be learnt. This openness is created through non-verbal means and managed through the study of emotional intelligence as well as non-verbal communication. When a person is allowed time to speak out his/her feelings, listeners are in a position to understand him/her better and the communication becomes meaningful at the end. Lastly, silence can evoke sympathy. When listening to the misery and speech of other people, there is a tendency of listening keenly to their tone of voice. The varying voice of the speaker enables the listener to perceive what the other person is feeling. This will call for sympathy and shared feelings among people involved. This is important in an organizational setting since members of staff feel for each other and thereby creates an environment characterized with harmony and cohesion. Conclusively, silence can be intentional or unintentional. It is possible for one to communicate with another person by just remaining silent. Silence plays a vital role in business interactions with regard to the organizations welfare. At some point, people mistake silence and tend to perceive the wrong meaning, which is contrary to what the person involved wanted to convey. Buy custom Business Communication essay

Martinez Surname Meaning and Family History

Martinez Surname Meaning and Family History Martinez is a patronymic surname meaning son of Martin. Martin comes from the Latin Martinus, a derivative of Mars, the Roman god of fertility and war. Surname origin:  SpanishAlternate Surname Spellings: Martines, Martins, Martinson; see also Martin Fun Facts Martinez is the second most common surname in the Spanish language, and the second most popular Spanish surname in America, just behind Garcia. Famous People With the Surname Olivier Martinez: French actorPedro Martinez: Pitcher for the New York Mets baseball teamYsidro Martinez: Inventor of a below-the-knee prosthesisMayre Martinez: Winner of the first season of Latin American Idol Where Is the Surname Most Common? The Martinez  surname is the 74th most common surname in the world, according to surname distribution information from  Forebears, and is among the top 10 surnames in Honduras (#1); Nicaragua and El Salvador(#2); the Dominican Republic and Paraguay (#3); Mexico (#4); Spain, Colombia, Venezuela, Cuba and Panama (#6), and Argentina and Belize (#8). This means that tracing a familys possible origin based on the surname is of little use. According to  WorldNames PublicProfiler,  the Martinez surname is fairly prevalent throughout Spain, but is especially common in the Murcia region, followed by La Rioja, Communidad Valencia, Castilla-La Mancha, Asturias, Navarra, Galicia, and Cantabria. Genealogy Resources Martinez DNA Project: Open to any male with the Martinez surname or its variant from anywhere in the world.Martinez Family Genealogy Forum: This free message board is focused on descendants of Martinez ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Martinez ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries.  FamilySearch: Explore over 11  million  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Martinez surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.GeneaNet: Includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Martinez surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries.Ancestry.com: Explore over 14  million digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for the Martinez surname on the subscripti on-based website, Ancestry.com. References Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Cloud Computing and Information Systems in Business Article

Cloud Computing and Information Systems in Business - Article Example Here are some of the models of cloud computing: A public cloud is one based on the standard cloud computing model, in which a service provider makes resources, such as applications and storage, available to the general public over the Internet. Public cloud services may be free or offered on a pay-per-usage model. Community cloud shares infrastructure between several organizations from a specific community with common concerns (security, compliance, jurisdiction, etc.), whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally. The costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a private cloud), so only some of the benefits of cloud computing are realized. Hybrid cloud is a composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together, offering the benefits of multiple deployment models. It can also be defined as multiple cloud systems that are connected in a way that allows programs and data to be moved easily from one deployment system to another. Private cloud is infrastructure operated solely for a single organization, whether managed internally or by a third-party and hosted internally or externally. They have attracted criticism because users "still have to buy, build, and manage them" and thus do not benefit from lower up-front capital costs and less hands-on management, essentially "[lacking] the economic model that makes cloud computing such an intriguing concept" 2. Security concerns. Experts claim that their clouds are 100% secure - but it will not be their head on the block when things go awry. Its often stated that cloud computing security is better than most enterprises. Also, how do you decide which data to handle in the cloud and which to keep to internal systems - once decided keeping it secure could well be a full-time task.